Perbandingan Sistem Tanam Agroforestry dengan Monokultur Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Populasi Mikroorganisme Tanah

Meli Roslianti, Sari Susanti, Syikhristani -

Abstract


This study aimed to analyze the populations of soil bacteria and fungi under an agroforestry system combining oil palm and agarwood (Aquilaria sp.) and a monoculture oil palm system. The study was conducted in an oil palm plantation located in Bukit Kemuning Village, Tapung Hulu District, Kampar Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia. The research employed a survey method, with sampling locations determined using purposive sampling. Six plots were established for each planting system using a zigzag sampling method, with each plot measuring 8 × 18 m. Three sampling points were established within each plot, namely the oil palm weeded circle (S), living frond stack (GH), and dead frond stack (GM). The total bacterial population was determined using the spread plate count method on Nutrient Agar (NA) medium, while the total fungal population was determined using the spread plate count method on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium. The data obtained for soil bacterial and fungal populations were analyzed using a t-test at the 5% significance level. The results showed that the agroforestry system had higher bacterial and fungal populations than the monoculture oil palm system. In the agroforestry system, the highest bacterial population was found in the oil palm weeded circle, reaching 1.23 × 10⁹ CFU/g soil. Meanwhile, the highest fungal population was found in the dead frond stack, reaching 8.87 × 10⁴ CFU/g soil. Therefore, the implementation of an agroforestry system combining oil palm and agarwood is recommended to promote greater biodiversity in oil palm plantations.

Keywords: Bacteria, fungi, agroforestry system, monoculture system, oil palm.


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35308/jal.v12i2.16344

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