Pengaruh Lama Perendaman NaOH Terhadap Pengujian Tarik dan Karakteristik Patahan Komposit Lamina Serat Sisal–Poliester
Abstract
Natural fiber composites have potential as lightweight and environmentally friendly materials. This study investigated the effects of sisal fiber immersion time in 5% NaOH solution on the maximum tensile stress, maximum strain, and macrostructural fracture characteristics of polyester-matrix sisal fiber laminate composites. Immersion times were 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 h, with five specimens per treatment. Tensile testing was conducted according to ASTM D638 Type III using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM), and fracture surfaces were examined using a digital microscope. The highest mean tensile stress was obtained after 3 h of immersion (27.3002 N/mm²), while the lowest occurred after 1 h (17.5245 N/mm²). One-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in tensile stress among treatments (F(4, 20) = 12.3808, p = 0.0000315), and Tukey HSD identified significant differences between several group pairs. The highest mean strain was also observed after 3 h (8.4982%); however, Welch’s ANOVA indicated no significant differences among treatments (F(4, 9.50) = 1.2120, p = 0.3675). Signal-to-noise (S/N) analysis yielded the highest values at 3 h for tensile stress and strain, at 28.5245 dB and 17.6453 dB, respectively. Macroscopic observations revealed voids in specimens immersed for 1–2 h and fiber breaking in those immersed for 3–5 h. Overall, 3 h of immersion produced the highest mean tensile stress and strain, although significant differences were found only in tensile stress.
Keywords— Sisal fiber, NaOH treatment, tensile stress, strain, fracture characteristics.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35308/jmkn.v12i2.16692
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