Kajian Kekerabatan Sebelas Varietas Bawang Merah (Allium ascallonicum L.) Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi Umbi

Ihsan Syafiq Luthfi Fauzi, Elea Nur Aziza, Rajiman Rajiman

Abstract


The morphological similarity of bulb characteristics among shallot varieties can determine the genetic relatedness between them, which is valuable for selecting potential parent varieties in plant breeding programs. This study utilized eight qualitative and three quantitative bulb morphological characteristics to analyze the relatedness of eleven elite shallot varieties in Indonesia. The aim of this research was to determine the genetic relatedness of eleven shallot varieties (Kuning, Gempita, Pikatan, Kramat-1, Pancasona, Katumi, Bima Brebes, Trisula, Violetta 1, Maja Cipanas, and Ambassador 2) based on the identification of eleven morphological bulb characteristics using the UPOV (2008. Relatedness analysis was conducted using cluster analysis with OriginPro 2022 software to determine similarity values that aid in data grouping. The results showed that at 0 - 25% morphological similarity, there were two main clusters; at 50% morphological similarity, there were seven sub-clusters; and at 75% morphological similarity, there were eleven clusters, each consisting of a single variety. Among the eleven shallot varieties, some exhibited high similarity values ranging from 61% to 71%, such as Gempita Agrihorti and Ambassador 2 Agrihorti, Violetta 1 Agrihorti, and Kramat 1. This high similarity may be due to the use of the same parent varieties, Maja Cipanas and Trisula, in the breeding process.

Kata kunci: bawang merah, kekerabatan, karakter morfologi umbi.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Amalia, A. P., Terryana, R. T., Aswani, N., Nugroho, K., dan Lestari, P. (2023). Analisis Keragaman 8 Varietas Cabai Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif. Vegetalika, 12(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.76984

Azmi, C., Hidayat, I. M., dan Wiguna, G. (2016). Pengaruh Varietas dan Ukuran Umbi terhadap Produktivitas Bawang Merah. Jurnal Hortikultura, 21(3), 206. https://doi.org/10.21082/jhort.v21n3.2011.p206-213

BPS. (2023, June 6). Badan Pusat Statistik : Produksi Tanaman Sayuran 2021-2022. Badan Pusat Statistik.

Direktorat Perbenihan Hortikultura. (2024). Database Benih: List Database Varietas. https://horti.pertanian.go.id/databenih/index.php/portal/dbvar

Direktur Jenderal Hortikultura. (2019). Teknis Penyusunan Deskripsi Dan Pengujian Kebenaran Varietas Tanaman Hortikultura.

Elfianis, R. (2022). Klasifikasi dan Morfologi Tanaman Bawang Merah. Agrotek.Id.

Fauzi, A., Ermiana, I., Nur, A., Rosyidah, K., dan Sobri, M., (2022). Implementasi Case Method (Pembelajaran Berbasis Pemecahan Kasus) Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Kolaboratif Mahasiswa.

Hairmansis, A., Kustianto, B., Hamdan Pane Kebun Percobaan Padi Muara, dan Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi, B. (2010). Perakitan dan Pengembangan Varietas Unggul Baru Padi Toleran Rendaman Air Inpara 4 Dan Inpara 5 Untuk Daerah Rawan Banjir. In Jurnal Litbang Pertanian (Vol. 31, Issue 1).

Handayani, S., dan Ismadi. (2017). Analisis Keragaman Kualitas Buah Durian Unggulan (Durio zibethinus) Aceh Utara Analysis of North Aceh Superior Durian (Durio zibethinus) Quality. In J. Hort. Indonesia (Vol. 8, Issue 3).

Hermanto, R., M. Syukur, & Widodo. (2017). Pendugaan Ragam Genetik dan Heritabilitas Karakter Hasil dan Komponen Hasil Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) di Dua Lokasi. J. Hortik. Indones. 8(1): 31

Ifadah, R. A., Rizkia, P., Wiratara, W., dan Anam Afgani, C. (2021). Ulasan Ilmiah: Antosianin dan Manfaatnya untuk Kesehatan. Jurnal Teknologi Pengolahan Pertanian, 3(2), 11–21.

Mustofa, Z., Budiarsa, I.M. dan Samdas, G.B.N. 2013. Variasi Genetik Jagung (Zea mays L.) Berdasarkan Karakter Fenotipik Tongkol Jagung yang Dibudidaya di Desa Jono Oge Genetic Variation of Maize (Zea mays L.) Cultivated in Village of Jono Oge Based on the Cob Phenotypic Characters. EJIP BIOL, 2(3).

Rahayu, S., dan Sri Handayani. (2008). Keanekaragaman morfologi dan anatomi Pandanus (Pandanaceae) di Jawa Barat. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325127044

Renaldi, I. G., dan Purwantoro, A. (2022). Analisis Kekerabatan dan Keragaman Dua Puluh Lima Tanaman Sri Rejeki (Aglaonema sp) Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi. Vegetalika, 11(3), 246. https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.47739

Sari, V., , M., dan Sobir, D. (2017). Keragaman Genetik Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L.) Berdasarkan Marka Morfologi dan ISSR. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy), 45(2), 175. https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v45i2.11665

Suratman, S., Priyanto, D., dan Setyawan, A. D. (2000). Analisis Keragaman Genus Ipomoea Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d010206

Syukur, M., Sriani Sujiprihati, dan Rahmi Yunianti. (2018). Teknik Pemuliaan Tanaman Edisi Revisi (S. N. Febriani, Ed.; Revisi). Penebar Swadaya.

UPOV (International Union For The Protection of New Varieties of Plants). (2008). International Union For The Protection of New Varieties of Plants : Onion, Echalion, Shallot, Grey Shallot.

Visalakshi, M., C. Porpavai, dan M. Pandiyan. (2018). Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis of Yield and Yield Associated Traits in Small Onion. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci. 7(7): 3065–3072

Waluyo, N., Noladhi Wicaksana, Anas, Iteu M. Hidayat. (2021). Keragaman Genetik dan Heritabilitas 12 Genotipe Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L Var Aggregatum) di Dataran Tinggi. Jurnal Agro 8 (1).




DOI: https://doi.org/10.35308/jal.v10i2.10222

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.