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Potensi Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera) dalam Pencegahan Aterosklerosis: Kajian Mekanisme Biologis dan Aplikasi sebagai Pangan Fungsional
Abstract
Aterosklerosis adalah gangguan kardiovaskular progresif yang ditandai dengan akumulasi lipid, disfungsi endotel, dan peradangan kronis, yang pada akhirnya dapat menyebabkan komplikasi vaskular yang parah. Daun moringa (Moringa oleifera) secara luas dikenal sebagai sumber senyawa bioaktif, termasuk senyawa fenolik, flavonoid, dan antioksidan, yang dapat berkontribusi pada pencegahan aterosklerosis. Studi literatur ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis senyawa bioaktif yang terdapat dalam daun moringa, (2) mengevaluasi peran potensialnya dalam mencegah aterosklerosis melalui bukti in vitro dan in vivo, dan (3) mengeksplorasi pengembangan produk makanan fungsional yang menggabungkan daun moringa. Referensi diperoleh melalui penelusuran sistematis jurnal nasional dan internasional menggunakan kata kunci yang berkaitan dengan daun moringa, senyawa bioaktif, makanan fungsional, dan aterosklerosis. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa daun moringa menunjukkan sifat antioksidan, antiinflamasi, antihipertensi, dan penurun lipid yang signifikan yang terkait erat dengan pencegahan aterosklerosis. Selain itu, berbagai inovasi makanan, seperti sosis berbahan dasar moringa, minuman, produk roti, dan produk susu, menyoroti penerapannya sebagai bahan fungsional. Namun demikian, sebagian besar penelitian yang ada terbatas pada model in vitro dan hewan, dan diperlukan studi klinis yang dirancang dengan baik untuk mengkonfirmasi khasiatnya pada manusia. Kesimpulannya, daun moringa memiliki potensi yang menjanjikan sebagai sumber makanan fungsional untuk mendukung kesehatan kardiovaskular dan mengurangi risiko aterosklerosis.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35308/jtpp.v8i1.14681
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